Environment — Prelims MCQs

'Gadgil Committee Report' and 'Kasturirangan Committee Report', sometimes seen in the news, are related to:

Under the Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006, who shall be the authority to initiate the process for determining the nature and extent of individual or community forest rights or both?

Consider the following statements:

1. The definition of 'Critical Wildlife Habitat' is incorporated in the Forest Rights Act, 2006.
2. For the first time in India, Baigas have been given Habitat Rights.
3. Union Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change officially decides and declares Habitat Rights for Primitive and Vulnerable Tribal Groups in any part of India.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Consider the following statements:

1. As per law, the Compensatory Afforestation Fund Management and Planning Authority exists at both National and State levels.
2. People's participation is mandatory in the compensatory afforestation programmes carried out under the Compensatory Afforestation Fund Act, 2016.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Consider the following statements:

1. As per a recent amendment to the Indian Forest Act, 1927, forest dwellers have the right to fell the bamboos grown on forest areas.
2. As per the Forest Rights Act, 2006, bamboo is a minor forest produce.
3. The Forest Rights Act, 2006 allows ownership of minor forest produce to forest dwellers.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

According to India's National Policy on Biofuels, which of the following can be used as raw materials for the production of biofuels?

1. Cassava
2. Damaged wheat grains
3. Groundnut seeds
4. Horse gram
5. Rotten potatoes
6. Sugar beet

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

In the context of which one of the following are the terms 'pyrolysis and plasma gasification' mentioned?

What is the use of biochar in farming?

1. Biochar can be used as a part of the growing medium in vertical farming.
2. When biochar is a part of the growing medium, it promotes the growth of nitrogen-fixing microorganisms.
3. When biochar is a part of the growing medium, it enables the growing medium to retain water for longer time.

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

With reference to the measurement and effects of water pollution, consider the following statements:

1. Biochemical Oxygen Demand measures the oxygen consumed by micro-organisms while breaking down organic matter in a water sample, so a higher value indicates heavier organic pollution.
2. For the same sample of water, the Chemical Oxygen Demand is generally higher than its Biochemical Oxygen Demand.
3. Enrichment of a water body with nitrogen and phosphorus can set off an algal bloom whose later decay strips oxygen from the water and kills fish.
4. The quantity of oxygen that can stay dissolved in water falls as the temperature of the water rises.

How many of the statements given above are correct?

With reference to how forest cover is assessed and reported in India, consider the following statements:

1. Forest cover is taken to mean all land more than one hectare in area carrying a tree canopy density of more than ten per cent, irrespective of who owns the land or what its legal status is.
2. A patch classified as Scrub, carrying a canopy density below ten per cent, is counted within the country's reported forest cover.
3. The assessment is carried out by the Forest Survey of India and the report is brought out once every two years.
4. Recorded Forest Area and forest cover are the same thing, because only land legally notified as forest can be mapped as forest cover.

How many of the statements given above are correct?

Consider the following pairs of ecological terms and their meanings:

1. Ecotone — the zone of transition between two distinct communities, such as an estuary lying between a river and the sea
2. Edge effect — the phenomenon by which certain species occur in greater density in the transition zone than in either of the adjoining communities
3. Keystone species — a species whose removal brings about a disproportionately large change in the structure of its ecosystem, out of all proportion to its abundance
4. Ecological niche — the maximum number of individuals of a species that a given habitat can support indefinitely

How many of the pairs given above are correctly matched?

With reference to the National Green Tribunal, which one of the following statements is correct?

With reference to the funds operating under the international climate change regime, which one of the following statements is correct?